English Language Series 1 / Model question

English Language Series 1                                           

 

1.    Fill in the blanks with the correct word given in the brackets. (1x5=5)

a.    I was doing my homework __________ my father came home (while/when)

b.    _________ you were sleeping, Salina phoned (when/while)

c.    Have you sent a birthday card to Seema ______? (yet/just)

d.    I have not read this book I've ______ bought it. (already/just)

e.    I have ________ called my brother for help. (already/yet)

2.    Complete the given text with the present perfect or the past simple. (2x5=10)

a.     Mohan ________ his leg. He ______ it two days ago (break)

b.     She _______ her book. She ______ it last week (lose)

c.     They _____ their house. They ___ it in July. (sell)

d.    I _____ my homework. I _____ it this morning. (do)

e.     We ____ the tickets for the concert. We _____ them on Friday. (buy)

3.    Answer any five of the following questions.  (2x5=10)

a.     Why is Mumbai called the gate way of India?

b.     What does the given painting by Amar show?

c.     What is the main purpose of homework?

d.    Where can you publish your writing?

e.     Why was Aunt Sahara terrified?

f.     What kind of jobs do Nepali children have?

4.    Read the following text carefully and do the activities that follow.

10

God Indra became afraid of the hard penance of Viswamitra and sent the fairest of the nymphs Menka, do deviate the sage from his course to heaven Menka seduced Viswamitra, Shakuntala was born out of their relation. But she was left alone in the jungle to be looked after by birds and animals. Soon she was found by Rishi Kanva who brought up her. Later, she fell in love with king Dushyanta. She secretly got married with him. Dushyanta had to leave her to go the war as a king. He promised to return as soon as possible but he eventually forgot her due to the curse by Durbasha Rishi. He denied to recognize her when she was sent to his palace. Shankuntala had to suffer a lot in loneliness. However, finally, when the curse was removed they were happily united.

A.    Answer the following questions. (1x5=5)

a.     Why was Indra afraid?

b.     Who brought up Shankuntala?

c.     Why Dushyanta was unable to fulfill his promise?

d.    Why Shankuntala had to suffer a lot in loneliness?

e.     What happen when the curse was removed?

B.    Find the meaning of following words.  (1x5=5)

        a. afraid   b.denied    c. sage    d. promise    e. fair

5.    Use the following prepositional phrases in sentences of your own.

(1x10=10)

a. infront of                                 in the background

b. at the back of                           in the middle of

c. during the holidays                  among the boys in our class

d. across the sea                           up in the sky

e. under the table                         at ten o' clock

6.    Write the meaning of given words. (1x5=5)

a.     making large twisting movements.

b.     sudden short period of noise or confusion.

c.     extremely angry

d.    feeling very happy and enthusiastic

e.     making someone who is sad feel better.

7.    Find out the similar meaning to the given words.  (1x5=5)

a.     made sure

b.     correctly

c.     roadside hotels

d.    earning

e.     looking after babies

8.    Write a conversation by using the clue below (2x5=10)

a.     Rina/our neighbour Mr. Sharma's niece/stays at uncle's home guitar player/plays for a local band / good player / like her music

b.     kabindra / my cousin / stays with us / football / player / plays for a local club / good player / like his game

9.    Put the adverb of frequency at the right place (1x10=10)

a.     He listens to the radio (often)

b.     They read a book (sometimes)

c.     Pritam gets angry. (never)

d.    Tina is very friendly (usually)

e.     I take sugar in my coffee (sometimes)

f.     Ram is hungry (often)

g.     He brings homework (hardly ever)

h.     John goes to bed early (often)

i.      You are good at maths (always)

j.      I am late (never)

10.  Write about an amazing person you have met. Say what he or she has done or not done.  10

11.  Write a letter to your friend describing a way to your home from the nearest bus station.  5

12.  Write a readable story on the basis of the following outlines.  10

       A boy steals a book from school _____ mother very much pleased _____ next steals a watch ____ then a purse _____ the mother is very happy _____ the boy become a robber ____ once gets caught and presented before the judge _____ on the day of hanging, the boy wishes to see his mother ____ prayer granted ____ bites off mother's ear _____ explains why he did so. Moral

Origin of HIV and AIDS and its origin theories

Origin of HIV and AIDS
The origin of the HIV viruses and AIDS is still a mystery. There have been many theories but none so far has been proven. During the early stages of the AIDS epidemic the flimsiest evidence was used to blame AIDS on Haitians and Africans. In this session, four theories about the origin of HIV and AIDS are discussed:
I. Isolated Community Theory: The AIDS virus has always existed in a small isolated group of people. The virus then was passed to an outsider and spread from there.
II. Green Monkey Theory: A variation of this theory is that the virus was present in an animal where it did not cause disease and in some way was transferred to humans where it caused disease. The animal that has received most attention as a possible source has been the African Green Monkey. The evidence that appeared to support this is that the virus HIV-2 is genetically similar to a virus called 'Simian Immune-deficiency Virus (SIV) which was found in some monkey. Reason for doubting the Green Monkey Theory is that, as SIV is closer to HIV2, the theory would predict that HIV2 would have appeared first.
III. Germ warfare Theory: The theory that HIV was produced by the American military as a germ warfare agent is based on a paper published by three East German scientists in 1986.
IV. Mutation Theory: Viruses are continually changing and mutating into new strains. It seems a highly likely hypothesis that a mutation took place in a virus to produce a new virus with the deadly properties of HIV (John Hubley, 1998, pp. 31-33).
AIDS was first described in 1981, when previously healthy young adults-mainly men living in urban areas of the United States-began falling ill with opportunistic infections previously unknown among this age group. Similar infections were soon described in Africa, the Caribbean and Europe; AIDS was clearly an epidemic disease. Most of these young people died, and a host of discrepant hypotheses emerged, but a blood-borne viral pathogen was suspected early on. In 1983, this suspicion was confirmed when Professor Luc Montagnier and others discovered a novel pathogen: a retrovirus tropic for the CD4 cells that orchestrate cell-mediated immunity and protect humans from a broad range of viral, mycobacterial, and fungal pathogens (Sharma, 2006, p. 3).
HIV is not-so-ancient history. Ancient Egyptians described diabetes on a scrap of papyrus 3500 years ago. Two thousand four hundred years ago, Parkinson's was first outlined in a Chinese medical text. And Chinese, Greek, Roman, and Indian civilizations had all recognized malaria long before we had microscopes to observe the parasites that cause the disease. By comparison, HIV is a distinctly modern disease (Understanding Evolution: HIV's not-so-ancient history, 2010).
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) sequences that pre-date the recognition of AIDS are critical to defining the time of origin and the timescale of virus evolution. A viral sequence from 1959 (ZR59) is the oldest known HIV-1 infection. Other historically documented sequences, important calibration points to convert evolutionary distance into time, are lacking, however; ZR59 is the only one sampled before 1976. Here we report the amplification and characterization of viral sequences from a Bouin‘s-fixed paraffin-embedded lymph node biopsy specimen obtained in 1960 from an adult female in Léopoldville, Belgian Congo (now Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)), and we use them to conduct the first comparative evolutionary genetic study of early pre-AIDS epidemic HIV-1 group M viruses. (Michael Worobey, 2008, p. 461)

Role of youth in the development of nation

                                Role of youth in the development of nation

Development means the physical change that occur in the country the development change the country in various ways .The development of the country helps the people to be dutiful by which  the can change the  life style of the people of the native nation .Development may be fast and slow .if the people of the certain country is intelligent then  surely HE/SHE can develop the country .If the citizen of the country isn’t educated the  new things and creative works cannot  be done by HIS/HER mind.

The youth plays the great role for the development  of the nation .The  youth of the new generation can do the creative things for the benefit of the nation which can lead the nation towards the development .If the youth  wanted to utilize the natural resources then HE/SHE can use the resources in the best way which can generate the more amount of benefit .The youth plays the vital role for  the  preservation and promotion and preservation of the natural resources and the development of the nation. The advantage of youth are; the youth can change the nation as they  like ,they do the things which maximize the cost of the goods and which benefit the nation .They also establish the factory which can develop the  nation.

The role played by the youth in the development works of the nation has also got the disadvantages too. The youth are developing the nation by the wish of their  feeling  which is different way which  can change the nation in a bad way .The youths are doing the corruption as they thinking, other don’t know about corruption .The youths are doing  corruption by indirectly  .The youth can be taken as negatively or positively. The youths are going to abroad which are benefit fot the native for the native country.

 . The youth are going to abroad and they are doing the work which is benefit for the native country. The abroad country is increasing the development of the own country.The youth who has gone to abroad plays the great role. If they  are not  gone to the abroad and work for the own country then the country  will be developed . The youth who has already gone to abroad  have earn the foreign currency .If  the youth has worked  for  their own country then the country  will be develop fast .

Hence,above explanation shows that the youth plays  a great role in the development of the nation.For the development of nation the youth mustnot go to abroad which decrease the capital amount . The amount can be use  fo the futher development of  nation .Along the youth  should be educated ,the educated people can change the nation as quick as the other country.sscj8y